Institute of Life Science 1 internal Atrium view up.jpg

Dr George Johnson

Associate Professor

Biomedical Sciences

+44 (0) 1792 295158

g.johnson@swansea.ac.uk

Available For Postgraduate Supervision

Research Links

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-9942

About

George is a steering member of the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee (GTTC) and co-chair of the quantitative and mode of action subgroups. The HESI provides an international forum to advance the understanding of scientific issues related to human health, toxicology, risk assessment, and the environment.

George has been invited to give oral presentations and chair sessions at most of the major international Toxicology conferences in recent years.

George has been lead academic on numerous international collaborations. These include US-FDA-NCTR, Health Canada, RIVM-Netherlands, AstraZeneca, Drugs for Neglected Disease Initiative (DNDi), Food Standards Agency, GlaxoSmithKline, Gentronix, Hoffman-La-Roche, Litron, and more. He also continues to work with the DNA damage group (in vitro Toxicology group) in the Institute of Life Science, as well as teaching on the Genetics Degree programme, and having a role as Director of Employability and Entrepreneurship for the Medical School.

George was awarded the prestigious UKEMS Young Scientist Award in 2012, in 2013 he became a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy, and in 2014 he became a British & European Registered Toxicologist and also won the very prestigious EEM(G)S Young Scientist Award.

In June 2017 George was voted in as President-Elect for the EEMGS society, and became President in 2019. 

George has recently become a consultant, with clients including the pharmaceutical, food additive and chemical industries. A major aspect of many of these projects has been the derivation of point of departure metrics for use in human health risk assessments. Please contact him for further information on his services, which he runs through Swansea Innovations.

Areas Of Expertise

Genetic Toxicology
Human health risk assessment
Dose response modelling
Imaging flow cytometry

Publications

Research Highlights

Powley, M., Sobol, Z., Johnson, G., Clark, R., Dalby, S., Ykoruk, B., Galijatovic-Idrizbegovic, A., Mowery, M., & Escobar, P. (2024). N-nitrosamine impurity risk assessment in pharmaceuticals: Utilizing In vivo mutation relative potency comparison to establish an acceptable intake for NTTP. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 152, 105681
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105681, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67377
Harte, D., Lynch, A., Verma, J., Rees, P., Filby, A., Wills, J., & Johnson, G. (2024). A multi-biomarker micronucleus assay using imaging flow cytometry. Archives of Toxicology, 98, 3137-3153.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-024-03801-7, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66744
Beal, M., Chen, G., Dearfield, K., Gi, M., Gollapudi, B., Heflich, R., Horibata, K., Long, A., Lovell, D., Parsons, B., Pfuhler, S., Wills, J., Zeller, A., Johnson, G., & White, P. (2024). Interpretation of in vitro concentration-response data for risk assessment and regulatory decision-making: Report from the 2022 IWGT quantitative analysis expert working group meeting. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 0
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22582, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65988
Fine, J., Allain, L., Schlingemann, J., Ponting, D., Thomas, R., & Johnson, G. (2023). Nitrosamine acceptable intakes should consider variation in molecular weight: The implication of stoichiometric DNA damage. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 145, 105505
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105505, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65938
Chapman, K., Shah, U., Fletcher, J., Johnson, G., Doak, S., & Jenkins, G. (2024). An integrated in vitro carcinogenicity test that distinguishes between genotoxic carcinogens, non-genotoxic carcinogens, and non-carcinogens. Mutagenesis, 39(2), 69-77.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geae004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65653
Beal, M., Audebert, M., Barton‐Maclaren, T., Battaion, H., Bemis, J., Cao, X., Chen, C., Dertinger, S., Froetschl, R., Guo, X., Johnson, G., Hendriks, G., Khoury, L., Long, A., Pfuhler, S., Settivari, R., Wickramasuriya, S., & White, P. (2023). Quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of genotoxicity data provides protective estimates of in vivo dose. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 64(2)
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22521, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62211
Chepelev, N., Long, A., Beal, M., Barton‐Maclaren, T., Johnson, G., Dearfield, K., Roberts, D., Benthem, J., & White, P. (2023). Establishing a quantitative framework for regulatory interpretation of genetic toxicity dose–response data: Margin of exposure case study of 48 compounds with both in vivo mutagenicity and carcinogenicity dose–response data. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 64(1)
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22517, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62130
Nicolette, J., Luijten, M., Sasaki, J., Custer, L., Embry, M., Froetschl, R., Johnson, G., Ouedraogo, G., Settivari, R., Thybaud, V., & Dearfield, K. (2021). Utility of a next‐generation framework for assessment of genomic damage: A case study using the pharmaceutical drug candidate etoposide. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(9), 512-525.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22467, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58792
Wills, J., Halkes-Wellstead, E., Summers, H., Rees, P., & Johnson, G. (2021). Empirical comparison of genotoxic potency estimations: the in vitro DNA-damage ToxTracker endpoints versus the in vivo micronucleus assay. Mutagenesis, 36(4), 311-320.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geab020, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57940
Padalino, G., Padalino, G., El-Sakkary, N., Liu, L., Liu, C., Harte, D., Barnes, R., Sayers, E., Forde-Thomas, J., Whiteland, H., Bassetto, M., Ferla, S., Johnson, G., Jones, A., Caffrey, C., Chalmers, I., Brancale, A., & Hoffmann, K. (2021). Anti-schistosomal activities of quinoxaline-containing compounds: From hit identification to lead optimisation. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 226, 113823
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113823, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57836
Wills, J., Verma, J., Rees, B., Harte, D., Haxhiraj, C., Barnes, C., Barnes, R., Rodrigues, M., Doan, M., Filby, A., Hewitt, R., Thornton, C., Cronin, J., Kenny, J., Buckley, R., Lynch, A., Carpenter, A., Summers, H., Johnson, G., & Rees, P. (2021). Inter-laboratory automation of the in vitro micronucleus assay using imaging flow cytometry and deep learning. Archives of Toxicology, 95(9), 3101-3115.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-021-03113-0, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57403
Johnson, G., Dobo, K., Gollapudi, B., Harvey, J., Kenny, J., Kenyon, M., Lynch, A., Minocherhomji, S., Nicolette, J., Thybaud, V., Wheeldon, R., & Zeller, A. (2021). Permitted daily exposure limits for noteworthy N-nitrosamines. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(5), 293-305.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22446, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57040
Bercu, J., Masuda-Herrera, M., Johnson, G., Czich, A., Glowienke, S., Kenyon, M., Thomas, R., Ponting, D., White, A., Cross, K., Waechter, F., & Rodrigues, M. (2021). Use of less-than-lifetime (LTL) durational limits for nitrosamines: Case study of N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 123, 104926
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104926, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56654
Elder, D., Johnson, G., & Snodin, D. (2021). Tolerability of risk: A commentary on the nitrosamine contamination issue. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 110(6), 2311-2328.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2021.02.028, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56580
Wheeldon, R., Dertinger, S., Bryce, S., Bemis, J., & Johnson, G. (2021). The use of benchmark dose uncertainty measurements for robust comparative potency analyses. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(3), 203-215.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22422, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56076
Kirkland, D., Sheil, M., Streicker, M., & Johnson, G. (2021). A weight of evidence assessment of the genotoxicity of 2,6-xylidine based on existing and new data, with relevance to safety of lidocaine exposure. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 119, 104838
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104838, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55837
Shah, U., Verma, J., Chapman, K., Wilde, E., Tonkin, J., Brown, R., Johnson, G., Doak, S., & Jenkins, G. (2020). Detection of urethane-induced genotoxicity in vitro using metabolically competent human 2D and 3D spheroid culture models. Mutagenesis, 35(6), 445-452.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geaa029, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55770
Gollapudi, B., Su, S., Li, A., Johnson, G., Reiss, R., & Albertini, R. (2020). Genotoxicity as a toxicologically relevant endpoint to inform risk assessment: A case study with ethylene oxide. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(9), 852-871.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22408, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55385
Doak, S., Brusehafer, K., Dudley, E., Jenkins, G., Dudley, E., Doak, S., Johnson, G., & Bruesehafer, K. (2008). No-observed effect levels are associated with up-regulation of MGMT following MMS Exposure. MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS ??, 648(1-2), 9-14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.09.016, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10127
Shah, U., Seager, A., Fowler, P., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Scott, S., Scott, A., & Jenkins, G. (2016). A comparison of the genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in four cell lines with differing metabolic capacity. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 808, 8-19.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.06.009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa29535
Brüsehafer, K., Manshian, B., Doherty, A., Zaïr, Z., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., & Bruesehafer, K. (2016). The clastogenicity of 4NQO is cell-type dependent and linked to cytotoxicity, length of exposure and p53 proficiency. Mutagenesis, 31(2), 171-180.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev069, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23828
Wilde, E., Chapman, K., Stannard, L., Seager, A., Brüsehafer, K., Shah, U., Tonkin, J., Brown, M., Verma, J., Doherty, A., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., & Brown, R. (2018). A novel, integrated in vitro carcinogenicity test to identify genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens using human lymphoblastoid cells. Archives of Toxicology, 92(2), 935-951.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-017-2102-y, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa36828
Verma, J., Harte, D., Shah, U., Summers, H., Thornton, C., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., Rees, P., Wills, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Investigating FlowSight® imaging flow cytometry as a platform to assess chemically induced micronuclei using human lymphoblastoid cells in vitro. Mutagenesis, 33(4), 283-289.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gey021, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa45207
Luijten, M., Ball, N., Dearfield, K., Gollapudi, B., Johnson, G., Madia, F., Peel, L., Pfuhler, S., Settivari, R., Burg, W., White, P., & Benthem, J. (2020). Utility of a next generation framework for assessment of genomic damage: A case study using the industrial chemical benzene. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 94-113.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22346, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa52685
White, P., Long, A., & Johnson, G. (2020). Quantitative Interpretation of Genetic Toxicity Dose‐Response Data for Risk Assessment and Regulatory Decision‐Making: Current Status and Emerging Priorities. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 66-83.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22351, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa52913
Wheeldon, R., Bernacki, D., Dertinger, S., Bryce, S., Bemis, J., & Johnson, G. (2020). Benchmark Dose Analysis of DNA Damage Biomarker Responses Provides Compound Potency and Adverse Outcome Pathway Information for the Topoisomerase II Inhibitor Class of Compounds. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(4), 396-407.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22360, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22360
Steiblen, G., Benthem, J., & Johnson, G. (2020). Strategies in genotoxicology: Acceptance of innovative scientific methods in a regulatory context and from an industrial perspective. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 853, 503171
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503171, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54010
Rees, B., Tate, M., Lynch, A., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Walmsley, R., & Johnson, G. (2017). Development of anin vitro PIG-Agene mutation assay in human cells. Mutagenesis, 32(2), 283-297.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew059, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55073
Heflich, R., Johnson, G., Zeller, A., Marchetti, F., Douglas, G., Witt, K., Gollapudi, B., & White, P. (2020). Mutation as a Toxicological Endpoint for Regulatory Decision‐Making. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 34-41.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22338, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22338
Dertinger, S., Kraynak, A., Wheeldon, R., Bernacki, D., Bryce, S., Hall, N., Bemis, J., Galloway, S., Escobar, P., & Johnson, G. (2019). Predictions of genotoxic potential, mode of action, molecular targets, and potency via a tiered multiflow® assay data analysis strategy. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22274, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa49200
Kirkland, D., Levy, D., LeBaron, M., Aardema, M., Beevers, C., Bhalli, J., Douglas, G., Escobar, P., Farabaugh, C., Guerard, M., Johnson, G., Kulkarni, R., Le Curieux, F., Long, A., Lott, J., Lovell, D., Luijten, M., Marchetti, F., Nicolette, J...., & Young, R. (2019). A comparison of transgenic rodent mutation and in vivo comet assay responses for 91 chemicals. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 839, 21-35.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.01.007, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48386
Pottenger, L., Boysen, G., Brown, K., Cadet, J., Fuchs, R., Johnson, G., Swenberg, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Understanding the importance of low‐molecular weight (ethylene oxide‐ and propylene oxide‐induced) DNA adducts and mutations in risk assessment: Insights from 15 years of research and collaborative discussions. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22248, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48022
White, P., Zeller, A., Pfuhler, S., & Johnson, G. (2018). Re: Gi et al. 2018, In vivo positive mutagenicity of 1,4-dioxane and quantitative analysis of its mutagenicity and carcinogenicity in rats, Archives of Toxicology 92:3207–3221. Archives of Toxicology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-018-2370-1, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa47973
Pottenger, L., Boysen, G., Brown, K., Cadet, J., Fuchs, R., Johnson, G., Swenberg, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Understanding the importance of low‐molecular weight (ethylene oxide‐ and propylene oxide‐induced) DNA adducts and mutations in risk assessment: Insights from 15 years of research and collaborative discussions. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22248, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa47924
Wills, J., Johnson, G., Battaion, H., Slob, W., & White, P. (2017). Comparing BMD-derived genotoxic potency estimations across variants of the transgenic rodent gene mutation assay. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22137, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34905
Wills, J., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Slob, W., & White, P. (2016). Empirical analysis of BMD metrics in genetic toxicology part I:in vitroanalyses to provide robust potency rankings and support MOA determinations. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 255-263.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev085, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25190
Wills, J., Long, A., Johnson, G., Bemis, J., Dertinger, S., Slob, W., & White, P. (2016). Empirical analysis of BMD metrics in genetic toxicology part II:in vivopotency comparisons to promote reductions in the use of experimental animals for genetic toxicity assessment. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 265-275.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26107
White, P. & Johnson, G. (2016). Genetic Toxicology at the Crossroads – From Qualitative Hazard Evaluation to Quantitative Risk Assessment. Mutagenesis, 31
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26338
White, P. & Johnson, G. (2016). Genetic toxicology at the crossroads—from qualitative hazard evaluation to quantitative risk assessment. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 233-237.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew011, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26859
Johnson, G., Yamamoto, M., Suzuki, Y., Adachi, H., Kyoya, T., Takasawa, H., Horibata, K., Tsutsumi, E., Wada, K., Kikuzuki, R., Yoshida, I., Kimoto, T., Maeda, A., & Narumi, K. (2016). Measuring Reproducibility of Dose Response Data for the Pig-a Assay using Covariate Benchmark Dose Analysis. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.04.004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa27120
Dearfield, K., Gollapudi, B., Bemis, J., Benz, R., Douglas, G., Elespuru, R., Johnson, G., Kirkland, D., LeBaron, M., Li, A., Marchetti, F., Pottenger, L., Rorije, E., Tanir, J., Thybaud, V., van Benthem, J., Yauk, C., Zeiger, E., & Luijten, M. (2016). Next generation testing strategy for assessment of genomic damage: A conceptual framework and considerations. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22045, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa30150
Rees, B., Tate, M., Lynch, A., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Walmsley, R., & Johnson, G. (2017). Development of an in vitro PIG-A gene mutation assay in human cells. Mutagenesis, 32(2), 283-297.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew059, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31018
https://academic.oup.com/mutage/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/mutage/gew059
Verma, J., Rees, B., Wilde, E., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., & Johnson, G. (2016). Evaluation of the automated MicroFlow® and Metafer™ platforms for high-throughput micronucleus scoring and dose response analysis in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. Archives of Toxicology, 91(7), 2689-2698.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1903-8, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31363
Guérard, M., Johnson, G., Dertinger, S., Duran-Pacheco, G., Funk, J., Zeller, A., & Johnson, G. (2017). Dose–response relationship of temozolomide, determined by the Pig-a, comet, and micronucleus assay. Archives of Toxicology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1923-4, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31525
Klapacz, J., Pottenger, L., Engelward, B., Heinen, C., Johnson, G., Clewell, R., Carmichael, P., Adeleye, Y., & Andersen, M. (2015). Contributions of DNA repair and damage response pathways to the non-linear genotoxic responses of alkylating agents. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.11.001, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa24982
Tweats, D., Johnson, G., Scandale, I., Whitwell, J., & Evans, D. (2016). Genotoxicity of flubendazole and its metabolites in vitro and the impact of a new formulation on in vivo aneugenicity. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 309-321.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev070, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23011
Soeteman-Hernández, L., Fellows, M., Johnson, G., & Slob, W. (2015). Correlation of in vivo versus in vitro benchmark doses (BMDs) derived from micronucleus test data: A proof of concept study. Toxicological Sciences, 148(2), 355-367.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv189, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22349
Avancini, D., Menzies, G., Morgan, C., Wills, J., Johnson, G., White, P., & Lewis, P. (2015). MutAIT: an online genetic toxicology data portal and analysis tools. Mutagenesis, gev050
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev050, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22014
Mears, E., Modabber, F., Don, R., & Johnson, G. (2015). A Review: The Current In Vivo Models for the Discovery and Utility of New Anti-leishmanial Drugs Targeting Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9(9), e0003889
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003889, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa21935
Thomas, A., Fahrer, J., Johnson, G., & Kaina, B. (2015). Theoretical considerations for thresholds in chemical carcinogenesis. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, 765, 56-67.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.05.001, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa21458

All Research

Journal Articles

Powley, M., Sobol, Z., Johnson, G., Clark, R., Dalby, S., Ykoruk, B., Galijatovic-Idrizbegovic, A., Mowery, M., & Escobar, P. (2024). N-nitrosamine impurity risk assessment in pharmaceuticals: Utilizing In vivo mutation relative potency comparison to establish an acceptable intake for NTTP. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 152, 105681
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105681, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67377
Harte, D., Lynch, A., Verma, J., Rees, P., Filby, A., Wills, J., & Johnson, G. (2024). A multi-biomarker micronucleus assay using imaging flow cytometry. Archives of Toxicology, 98, 3137-3153.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-024-03801-7, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66744
Chapman, K., Shah, U., Fletcher, J., Johnson, G., Doak, S., & Jenkins, G. (2024). An integrated in vitro carcinogenicity test that distinguishes between genotoxic carcinogens, non-genotoxic carcinogens, and non-carcinogens. Mutagenesis, 39(2), 69-77.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geae004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65653
Beal, M., Chen, G., Dearfield, K., Gi, M., Gollapudi, B., Heflich, R., Horibata, K., Long, A., Lovell, D., Parsons, B., Pfuhler, S., Wills, J., Zeller, A., Johnson, G., & White, P. (2024). Interpretation of in vitro concentration-response data for risk assessment and regulatory decision-making: Report from the 2022 IWGT quantitative analysis expert working group meeting. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 0
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22582, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65988
Kobets, T., Hickey, C., Johnson, G., Duan, J., Etter, S., Smith, B., & Williams, G. (2024). Assessment of no-observed-effect-levels for DNA adducts formation by genotoxic carcinogens in fetal turkey livers. Toxicology, 501, 153714
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2023.153714, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67501
Fine, J., Allain, L., Schlingemann, J., Ponting, D., Thomas, R., & Johnson, G. (2023). Nitrosamine acceptable intakes should consider variation in molecular weight: The implication of stoichiometric DNA damage. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 145, 105505
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105505, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65938
Beal, M., Audebert, M., Barton‐Maclaren, T., Battaion, H., Bemis, J., Cao, X., Chen, C., Dertinger, S., Froetschl, R., Guo, X., Johnson, G., Hendriks, G., Khoury, L., Long, A., Pfuhler, S., Settivari, R., Wickramasuriya, S., & White, P. (2023). Quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of genotoxicity data provides protective estimates of in vivo dose. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 64(2)
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22521, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62211
Chepelev, N., Long, A., Beal, M., Barton‐Maclaren, T., Johnson, G., Dearfield, K., Roberts, D., Benthem, J., & White, P. (2023). Establishing a quantitative framework for regulatory interpretation of genetic toxicity dose–response data: Margin of exposure case study of 48 compounds with both in vivo mutagenicity and carcinogenicity dose–response data. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 64(1)
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22517, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62130
Padalino, G., Padalino, G., El-Sakkary, N., Liu, L., Liu, C., Harte, D., Barnes, R., Sayers, E., Forde-Thomas, J., Whiteland, H., Bassetto, M., Ferla, S., Johnson, G., Jones, A., Caffrey, C., Chalmers, I., Brancale, A., & Hoffmann, K. (2021). Anti-schistosomal activities of quinoxaline-containing compounds: From hit identification to lead optimisation. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 226, 113823
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113823, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57836
Nicolette, J., Luijten, M., Sasaki, J., Custer, L., Embry, M., Froetschl, R., Johnson, G., Ouedraogo, G., Settivari, R., Thybaud, V., & Dearfield, K. (2021). Utility of a next‐generation framework for assessment of genomic damage: A case study using the pharmaceutical drug candidate etoposide. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(9), 512-525.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22467, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58792
Wills, J., Verma, J., Rees, B., Harte, D., Haxhiraj, C., Barnes, C., Barnes, R., Rodrigues, M., Doan, M., Filby, A., Hewitt, R., Thornton, C., Cronin, J., Kenny, J., Buckley, R., Lynch, A., Carpenter, A., Summers, H., Johnson, G., & Rees, P. (2021). Inter-laboratory automation of the in vitro micronucleus assay using imaging flow cytometry and deep learning. Archives of Toxicology, 95(9), 3101-3115.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-021-03113-0, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57403
Wills, J., Halkes-Wellstead, E., Summers, H., Rees, P., & Johnson, G. (2021). Empirical comparison of genotoxic potency estimations: the in vitro DNA-damage ToxTracker endpoints versus the in vivo micronucleus assay. Mutagenesis, 36(4), 311-320.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geab020, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57940
Bercu, J., Masuda-Herrera, M., Johnson, G., Czich, A., Glowienke, S., Kenyon, M., Thomas, R., Ponting, D., White, A., Cross, K., Waechter, F., & Rodrigues, M. (2021). Use of less-than-lifetime (LTL) durational limits for nitrosamines: Case study of N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 123, 104926
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104926, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56654
Johnson, G., Dobo, K., Gollapudi, B., Harvey, J., Kenny, J., Kenyon, M., Lynch, A., Minocherhomji, S., Nicolette, J., Thybaud, V., Wheeldon, R., & Zeller, A. (2021). Permitted daily exposure limits for noteworthy N-nitrosamines. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(5), 293-305.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22446, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57040
Elder, D., Johnson, G., & Snodin, D. (2021). Tolerability of risk: A commentary on the nitrosamine contamination issue. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 110(6), 2311-2328.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2021.02.028, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56580
Wheeldon, R., Dertinger, S., Bryce, S., Bemis, J., & Johnson, G. (2021). The use of benchmark dose uncertainty measurements for robust comparative potency analyses. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 62(3), 203-215.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22422, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa56076
Kirkland, D., Sheil, M., Streicker, M., & Johnson, G. (2021). A weight of evidence assessment of the genotoxicity of 2,6-xylidine based on existing and new data, with relevance to safety of lidocaine exposure. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 119, 104838
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104838, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55837
Shah, U., Verma, J., Chapman, K., Wilde, E., Tonkin, J., Brown, R., Johnson, G., Doak, S., & Jenkins, G. (2020). Detection of urethane-induced genotoxicity in vitro using metabolically competent human 2D and 3D spheroid culture models. Mutagenesis, 35(6), 445-452.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geaa029, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55770
Gollapudi, B., Su, S., Li, A., Johnson, G., Reiss, R., & Albertini, R. (2020). Genotoxicity as a toxicologically relevant endpoint to inform risk assessment: A case study with ethylene oxide. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(9), 852-871.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22408, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55385
Steiblen, G., Benthem, J., & Johnson, G. (2020). Strategies in genotoxicology: Acceptance of innovative scientific methods in a regulatory context and from an industrial perspective. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 853, 503171
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503171, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54010
Wheeldon, R., Bernacki, D., Dertinger, S., Bryce, S., Bemis, J., & Johnson, G. (2020). Benchmark Dose Analysis of DNA Damage Biomarker Responses Provides Compound Potency and Adverse Outcome Pathway Information for the Topoisomerase II Inhibitor Class of Compounds. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(4), 396-407.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22360, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22360
White, P., Long, A., & Johnson, G. (2020). Quantitative Interpretation of Genetic Toxicity Dose‐Response Data for Risk Assessment and Regulatory Decision‐Making: Current Status and Emerging Priorities. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 66-83.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22351, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa52913
Luijten, M., Ball, N., Dearfield, K., Gollapudi, B., Johnson, G., Madia, F., Peel, L., Pfuhler, S., Settivari, R., Burg, W., White, P., & Benthem, J. (2020). Utility of a next generation framework for assessment of genomic damage: A case study using the industrial chemical benzene. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 94-113.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22346, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa52685
Heflich, R., Johnson, G., Zeller, A., Marchetti, F., Douglas, G., Witt, K., Gollapudi, B., & White, P. (2020). Mutation as a Toxicological Endpoint for Regulatory Decision‐Making. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 61(1), 34-41.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22338, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22338
Dertinger, S., Kraynak, A., Wheeldon, R., Bernacki, D., Bryce, S., Hall, N., Bemis, J., Galloway, S., Escobar, P., & Johnson, G. (2019). Predictions of genotoxic potential, mode of action, molecular targets, and potency via a tiered multiflow® assay data analysis strategy. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22274, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa49200
Kirkland, D., Levy, D., LeBaron, M., Aardema, M., Beevers, C., Bhalli, J., Douglas, G., Escobar, P., Farabaugh, C., Guerard, M., Johnson, G., Kulkarni, R., Le Curieux, F., Long, A., Lott, J., Lovell, D., Luijten, M., Marchetti, F., Nicolette, J...., & Young, R. (2019). A comparison of transgenic rodent mutation and in vivo comet assay responses for 91 chemicals. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 839, 21-35.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.01.007, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48386
Pottenger, L., Boysen, G., Brown, K., Cadet, J., Fuchs, R., Johnson, G., Swenberg, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Understanding the importance of low‐molecular weight (ethylene oxide‐ and propylene oxide‐induced) DNA adducts and mutations in risk assessment: Insights from 15 years of research and collaborative discussions. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22248, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48022
White, P., Zeller, A., Pfuhler, S., & Johnson, G. (2018). Re: Gi et al. 2018, In vivo positive mutagenicity of 1,4-dioxane and quantitative analysis of its mutagenicity and carcinogenicity in rats, Archives of Toxicology 92:3207–3221. Archives of Toxicology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-018-2370-1, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa47973
Pottenger, L., Boysen, G., Brown, K., Cadet, J., Fuchs, R., Johnson, G., Swenberg, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Understanding the importance of low‐molecular weight (ethylene oxide‐ and propylene oxide‐induced) DNA adducts and mutations in risk assessment: Insights from 15 years of research and collaborative discussions. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22248, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa47924
Verma, J., Harte, D., Shah, U., Summers, H., Thornton, C., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., Rees, P., Wills, J., & Johnson, G. (2018). Investigating FlowSight® imaging flow cytometry as a platform to assess chemically induced micronuclei using human lymphoblastoid cells in vitro. Mutagenesis, 33(4), 283-289.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gey021, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa45207
Wilde, E., Chapman, K., Stannard, L., Seager, A., Brüsehafer, K., Shah, U., Tonkin, J., Brown, M., Verma, J., Doherty, A., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., & Brown, R. (2018). A novel, integrated in vitro carcinogenicity test to identify genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens using human lymphoblastoid cells. Archives of Toxicology, 92(2), 935-951.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-017-2102-y, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa36828
Wills, J., Johnson, G., Battaion, H., Slob, W., & White, P. (2017). Comparing BMD-derived genotoxic potency estimations across variants of the transgenic rodent gene mutation assay. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22137, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa34905
Guérard, M., Johnson, G., Dertinger, S., Duran-Pacheco, G., Funk, J., Zeller, A., & Johnson, G. (2017). Dose–response relationship of temozolomide, determined by the Pig-a, comet, and micronucleus assay. Archives of Toxicology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1923-4, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31525
Rees, B., Tate, M., Lynch, A., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Walmsley, R., & Johnson, G. (2017). Development of anin vitro PIG-Agene mutation assay in human cells. Mutagenesis, 32(2), 283-297.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew059, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55073
Rees, B., Tate, M., Lynch, A., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Walmsley, R., & Johnson, G. (2017). Development of an in vitro PIG-A gene mutation assay in human cells. Mutagenesis, 32(2), 283-297.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew059, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31018
https://academic.oup.com/mutage/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/mutage/gew059
Brüsehafer, K., Manshian, B., Doherty, A., Zaïr, Z., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Jenkins, G., & Bruesehafer, K. (2016). The clastogenicity of 4NQO is cell-type dependent and linked to cytotoxicity, length of exposure and p53 proficiency. Mutagenesis, 31(2), 171-180.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev069, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23828
Wills, J., Long, A., Johnson, G., Bemis, J., Dertinger, S., Slob, W., & White, P. (2016). Empirical analysis of BMD metrics in genetic toxicology part II:in vivopotency comparisons to promote reductions in the use of experimental animals for genetic toxicity assessment. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 265-275.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26107
White, P. & Johnson, G. (2016). Genetic Toxicology at the Crossroads – From Qualitative Hazard Evaluation to Quantitative Risk Assessment. Mutagenesis, 31
SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26338
Johnson, G., Yamamoto, M., Suzuki, Y., Adachi, H., Kyoya, T., Takasawa, H., Horibata, K., Tsutsumi, E., Wada, K., Kikuzuki, R., Yoshida, I., Kimoto, T., Maeda, A., & Narumi, K. (2016). Measuring Reproducibility of Dose Response Data for the Pig-a Assay using Covariate Benchmark Dose Analysis. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.04.004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa27120
Verma, J., Rees, B., Wilde, E., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Thornton, C., Jenkins, G., & Johnson, G. (2016). Evaluation of the automated MicroFlow® and Metafer™ platforms for high-throughput micronucleus scoring and dose response analysis in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. Archives of Toxicology, 91(7), 2689-2698.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1903-8, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa31363
Tweats, D., Johnson, G., Scandale, I., Whitwell, J., & Evans, D. (2016). Genotoxicity of flubendazole and its metabolites in vitro and the impact of a new formulation on in vivo aneugenicity. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 309-321.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev070, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa23011
Dearfield, K., Gollapudi, B., Bemis, J., Benz, R., Douglas, G., Elespuru, R., Johnson, G., Kirkland, D., LeBaron, M., Li, A., Marchetti, F., Pottenger, L., Rorije, E., Tanir, J., Thybaud, V., van Benthem, J., Yauk, C., Zeiger, E., & Luijten, M. (2016). Next generation testing strategy for assessment of genomic damage: A conceptual framework and considerations. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.22045, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa30150
Shah, U., Seager, A., Fowler, P., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Scott, S., Scott, A., & Jenkins, G. (2016). A comparison of the genotoxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in four cell lines with differing metabolic capacity. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 808, 8-19.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.06.009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa29535
Wills, J., Johnson, G., Doak, S., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Slob, W., & White, P. (2016). Empirical analysis of BMD metrics in genetic toxicology part I:in vitroanalyses to provide robust potency rankings and support MOA determinations. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 255-263.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev085, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa25190
Soeteman-Hernández, L., Johnson, G., & Slob, W. (2016). Estimating the carcinogenic potency of chemicals from thein vivomicronucleus test. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 347-358.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev043, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20907
White, P. & Johnson, G. (2016). Genetic toxicology at the crossroads—from qualitative hazard evaluation to quantitative risk assessment. Mutagenesis, 31(3), 233-237.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gew011, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa26859
Soeteman-Hernández, L., Fellows, M., Johnson, G., & Slob, W. (2015). Correlation of in vivo versus in vitro benchmark doses (BMDs) derived from micronucleus test data: A proof of concept study. Toxicological Sciences, 148(2), 355-367.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv189, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22349
Avancini, D., Menzies, G., Morgan, C., Wills, J., Johnson, G., White, P., & Lewis, P. (2015). MutAIT: an online genetic toxicology data portal and analysis tools. Mutagenesis, gev050
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gev050, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa22014
Thomas, A., Fahrer, J., Johnson, G., & Kaina, B. (2015). Theoretical considerations for thresholds in chemical carcinogenesis. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, 765, 56-67.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.05.001, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa21458
Klapacz, J., Pottenger, L., Engelward, B., Heinen, C., Johnson, G., Clewell, R., Carmichael, P., Adeleye, Y., & Andersen, M. (2015). Contributions of DNA repair and damage response pathways to the non-linear genotoxic responses of alkylating agents. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.11.001, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa24982
Johnson, G., Slob, W., Doak, S., Fellows, M., Gollapudi, B., Heflich, R., Rees, B., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Verma, J., Wills, J., Jenkins, G., & White, P. (2015). New approaches to advance the use of genetic toxicology analyses for human health risk assessment. Toxicology Research, 4(3), 667-676.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TX00118D, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa19282
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/tx/c4tx00118d#!divAbstract
Mears, E., Modabber, F., Don, R., & Johnson, G. (2015). A Review: The Current In Vivo Models for the Discovery and Utility of New Anti-leishmanial Drugs Targeting Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9(9), e0003889
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003889, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa21935
MacGregor, J., Frötschl, R., White, P., Crump, K., Eastmond, D., Fukushima, S., Guérard, M., Hayashi, M., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Kasamatsu, T., Levy, D., Morita, T., Müller, L., Schoeny, R., Schuler, M., Thybaud, V., & Johnson, G. (2015). IWGT report on quantitative approaches to genotoxicity risk assessment I. Methods and metrics for defining exposure–response relationships and points of departure (PoDs). Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 783, 55-65.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.09.011, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18371
MacGregor, J., Frötschl, R., White, P., Crump, K., Eastmond, D., Fukushima, S., Guérard, M., Hayashi, M., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Johnson, G., Kasamatsu, T., Levy, D., Morita, T., Müller, L., Schoeny, R., Schuler, M., & Thybaud, V. (2015). IWGT report on quantitative approaches to genotoxicity risk assessment II. Use of point-of-departure (PoD) metrics in defining acceptable exposure limits and assessing human risk. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 783, 66-78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.10.008, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa18695
Johnson, G., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Gollapudi, B., Bodger, O., Dearfield, K., Heflich, R., Hixon, J., Lovell, D., MacGregor, J., Pottenger, L., Thompson, C., Abraham, L., Thybaud, V., Tanir, J., Zeiger, E., Benthem, J., White, P., Bodger, O., & Johnson, G. (2014). Derivation of point of departure (PoD) estimates in genetic toxicology studies and their potential applications in risk assessment. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 55(8), 609-623.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.21870, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17819
Cao, X., Mittelstaedt, R., Pearce, M., Allen, B., Soeteman-Hernández, L., Johnson, G., Bigger, C., & Heflich, R. (2014). Quantitative dose-response analysis of ethyl methanesulfonate genotoxicity in adultgpt-delta transgenic mice. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, n/a-n/a.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.21854, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17347
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/em.21854/abstract
Seager, A., Shah, U., Brusehafer, K., Wills, J., Manshian, B., Chapman, K., Thomas, A., Scott, A., Doherty, A., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., Seager, A., Johnson, G., Bruesehafer, K., Shah, U., & Chapman, K. (2014). Recommendations, evaluation and validation of a semi-automated, fluorescent-based scoring protocol for micronucleus testing in human cells. Mutagenesis, 29(3), 155-164.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geu008, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17804
Zaïr, Z., Johnson, G., Griffiths, A., Jenkins, G., Jenkins, G., & Johnson, G. (2013). Diagnostic correlation between the expression of the DNA repair enzymeN-methylpurine DNA glycosylase and esophageal adenocarcinoma onset: a retrospective pilot study. Diseases of the Esophagus, 26(6), 644-650.
https://doi.org/10.1111/dote.12003, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13243
Hernández, L., Benthem, J., & Johnson, G. (2013). A Mode-of-Action Approach for the Identification of Genotoxic Carcinogens. PLoS ONE, 8(5)
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064532, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa14592
Thomas, A., Jenkins, G., Kaina, B., Bodger, O., Tomaszowski, K., Lewis, P., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., Lewis, P., Doak, S., Bodger, O., & Johnson, G. (2013). Influence of DNA Repair on Nonlinear Dose-Responses for Mutation. Toxicological Sciences, 132(1), 87-95.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfs341, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13715
Gollapudi, B., Johnson, G., Hernandez, L., Pottenger, L., Dearfield, K., Jeffrey, A., Julien, E., Kim, J., Lovell, D., MacGregor, J., Moore, M., Benthem, J., White, P., Zeiger, E., Thybaud, V., & Johnson, G. (2013). Quantitative approaches for assessing dose-response relationships in genetic toxicology studies. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 54(1), n/a-18.
https://doi.org/10.1002/em.21727, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa12708
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/em.21727/abstract
Johnson, G., Zair, Z., Bodger, O., Lewis, P., Rees, B., Verma, J., Thomas, A., Doak, S., & Jenkins, G. (2012). Investigating Mechanisms for Non-linear Genotoxic Responses, and Analysing Their Effects in Binary Combination. Genes and Environment, 34(4), 179-185.
https://doi.org/10.3123/jemsge.34.179, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa13400
Seager, A., Shah, U., Mikhail, J., Nelson, B., Marquis, B., Doak, S., Johnson, G., Griffiths, S., Carmichael, P., Scott, S., Scott, A., Jenkins, G., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., Seager, A., Johnson, G., & Mikhail, J. (2012). Pro-oxidant Induced DNA Damage in Human Lymphoblastoid Cells: Homeostatic Mechanisms of Genotoxic Tolerance. Toxicological Sciences, 128(2), 387-397.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfs152, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10909
http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2012/04/26/toxsci.kfs152.abstract
Zair, Z., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., Singh, R., Brown, K., Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., & Johnson, G. (2011). N-Methylpurine DNA Glycosylase Plays a Pivotal Role in the Threshold Response of Ethyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Chromosome Damage. Toxicological Sciences, 119(2), 346-358.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq341, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10158
Jenkins, G., Zaïr, Z., Johnson, G., & Doak, S. (2010). Genotoxic thresholds, DNA repair, and susceptibility in human populations. Toxicology, 278(3), 305-310.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2009.11.016, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9893
Johnson, G., Jenkins, G., Thomas, A., & Doak, S. (2010). Vinblastine and diethylstilboestrol tested in the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test (MNvit) at Swansea University UK in support of OECD draft Test Guideline 487. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 702(2), 189-192.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.07.014, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9258
Johnson, G., Quick, E., Parry, E., & Johnson, G. (2010). Metabolic influences for mutation induction curves after exposure to Sudan-1 and para red. Mutagenesis, 25(4), 327-333.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geq009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10160
http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954414068&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=johnson&st2=g&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=nkEabDC5JfN4WVqV93wmb74%3a163&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Johnson%2c+George+E.%22+8528864100%29&relpos=3&relpos=3&searchTerm=AU-ID(\%22Johnson,%20George%20E.\%22%208528864100)
Johnson, G., Doak, S., Griffiths, S., Quick, E., Skibinski, D., Zaïr, Z., & Jenkins, G. (2009). Non-linear dose–response of DNA-reactive genotoxins: Recommendations for data analysis. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 678(2), 95-100.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.05.009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10159
http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-69449087034&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=johnson&st2=g&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=nkEabDC5JfN4WVqV93wmb74%3a163&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Johnson%2c+George+E.%22+8528864100%29&relpos=4&relpos=4&searchTerm=AU-ID(\%22Johnson,%20George%20E.\%22%208528864100)
Marsden, D., Jones, D., Britton, R., Ognibene, T., Ubick, E., Johnson, G., Farmer, P., Brown, K., & Johnson, G. (2009). Dose-Response Relationships for N7-(2-Hydroxyethyl)Guanine Induced by Low-Dose [14C]Ethylene Oxide: Evidence for a Novel Mechanism of Endogenous Adduct Formation. Cancer Research, 69(7), 3052-3059.
https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4233, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9895
http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-66149087753&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=johnson&st2=g&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=nkEabDC5JfN4WVqV93wmb74%3a163&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Johnson%2c+George+E.%22+8528864100%29&relpos=5&relpos=5&searchTerm=AU-ID(\%22Johnson,%20George%20E.\%22%208528864100)
Doak, S., Brusehafer, K., Dudley, E., Jenkins, G., Dudley, E., Doak, S., Johnson, G., & Bruesehafer, K. (2008). No-observed effect levels are associated with up-regulation of MGMT following MMS Exposure. MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS ??, 648(1-2), 9-14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.09.016, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10127
Johnsom, G., Parry, E., & Johnson, G. (2008). Mechanistic investigations of low dose exposures to the genotoxic compounds bisphenol-A and rotenone. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 651(1-2), 56-63.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.10.019, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa9892
http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-43049139161&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=johnson&st2=g&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=nkEabDC5JfN4WVqV93wmb74%3a163&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Johnson%2c+George+E.%22+8528864100%29&relpos=7&relpos=7&searchTerm=AU-ID(\%22Johnson,%20George%20E.\%22%208528864100)
Doak, S., Jenkins, G., Johnson, G., Quick, E., Parry, E., Parry, J., Jenkins, G., Doak, S., & Johnson, G. (2007). Mechanistic Influences for Mutation Induction Curves after Exposure to DNA-Reactive Carcinogens. Cancer Research, 67(8), 3904-3911.
https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-4061, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17856
Barber, R., Hickenbotham, P., Hatch, T., Kelly, D., Topchiy, N., Almeida, G., Jones, G., Johnson, G., Parry, J., Rothkamm, K., Dubrova, Y., & Johnson, G. (2006). Radiation-induced transgenerational alterations in genome stability and DNA damage. Oncogene, 25(56), 7336-7342.
https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209723, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17857
Jenkins, G., Jenkins, G., & Johnson, G. (2005). Do dose response thresholds exist for genotoxic alkylating agents?. Mutagenesis, 20(6), 389-398.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gei054, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17861
Parry, J., Parry, E., Johnson, G., Quick, E., & Waters, E. (2005). The detection of genotoxic activity and the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the consequences of exposures. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology, 57, 205-212.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2005.05.009, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17862
Parry, E. & Johnson, G. (2002). Detection and characterization of mechanisms of action of aneugenic chemicals. Mutagenesis, 17(6), 509-521.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/17.6.509, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17859

Book Chapters

Zaïr, Z. & Johnson, G. (2014). The Applicable Use of the HPRT Gene Mutation Assay as a Practical Tool in Mutagenesis and DNA Repair Studies. Genotoxicity and DNA Repair -197). Springer
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1068-7_11, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa17915
http://www.springer.com/biomed/pharmacology+%26+toxicology/book/978-1-4939-1067-0
Johnson, G. (2012). Mammalian Cell HPRT Gene Mutation Assay: Test Methods. Methods in Molecular Biology (pp. 55-67). Springer
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-421-6_4, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10435
Johnson, G. (2011). Genotoxic Thresholds. Genotoxic Impurities Strategies for Identification and Control (pp. 444
https://doi.org/10.1002/chemv.201200004, SU Repository: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa10436
http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470499192,descCd-tableOfContents.html

Supervision

An investigation on the mutagenicity of compounds using Benchmark Dose and Dose-Response data for research in genetic toxicology. (current)

PhD

Other supervisor: Dr Katherine Chapman
Validation of the hprt Mutagenicity Assay for Nitrosamine Assessment (current)

MSc

Other supervisor: Dr Katherine Chapman
Investigating the use of Deep Learning Algorithms to Automatically Score Micronuclei in Human Cell Lines. (awarded 2023)

MSc

Other supervisor: Prof Paul Rees

Taught Modules

PM-226 Human and Medical Genetics

The course is designed to introduce fundamental concepts in the study of human genetics with particular reference to the application of the principles to medicine. The course covers the role of genetics in human health and disease and methods for the detection of genetic variability in human populations.
PM-280 Skills for Researchers

The modern scientist graduate is expected to have gained extensive laboratory-based experience and this is certainly essential for any student intent on pursuing a research-based career. Skills for Researchers provides students with the opportunity to acquire the core skills to be able to conduct, analyse, interpret and present scientific experiments. A proportion of the module will be spent in the laboratory gaining hands-on experience. Skills acquired in this module will form the basis for future experimental work, including the final year project. Students will have the opportunity to provide feedback to peers and engage with a variety of online learning materials.
PM-316 Genetic Toxicology

The module provides an advanced understanding of the effects of carcinogenic agents on human health, and develops skills in investigating and assessing DNA damage caused by genotoxic compounds to improve the prevention and treatment of cancer and human disease.
PM-344 Capstone Project

The aim of this module is to provide a capstone experience to students¿ learning, through participating in their own enquiry-based research project, with guidance from an academic supervisor. The project may be laboratory or non-laboratory based, but it will always involve a research question that is drawn from the literature, and focused on a topic relevant to the life sciences. It will ask a research question and involve the critical analysis of research findings. Students will refine their oral and written communication skills to a graduate level through an oral presentation and dissertation on their research findings and conclusions.
PM-E01 Placement Year

On successful completion of the industrial placement year, the student should: have gained first-hand experience of working in a commercial scientific research and development team, appreciate the differences between an academic and industrial working environment.
PMRM04 Dissertation (Research)

This module builds on the knowledge and skills developed in teaching components in part one of their relevant programme. Students will work independently in order to critically explore and add to the evidence base for a topic of relevance to their area of study.

Dr George Johnson

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Areas Of Expertise

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Book Chapters

Supervision

An investigation on the mutagenicity of compounds using Benchmark Dose and Dose-Response data for research in genetic toxicology. (current)

Validation of the hprt Mutagenicity Assay for Nitrosamine Assessment (current)

Investigating the use of Deep Learning Algorithms to Automatically Score Micronuclei in Human Cell Lines. (awarded 2023)

Taught Modules

PM-226 Human and Medical Genetics

PM-280 Skills for Researchers

PM-316 Genetic Toxicology

PM-344 Capstone Project

PM-E01 Placement Year

PMRM04 Dissertation (Research)